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Although the high level of competence for natural transformation ofAcinetobacter sp. strain BD413 has been the subject of numerous studies, only two competence genes,comC andcomP , have been identified to date. By chromosomal walking analysis we found two overlapping open reading frames, designatedcomE andcomF , starting 61 bp downstream ofcomC .comE andcomF are expressed as stable proteins inEscherichia coli , thus proving that they are indeed coding regions, but expression was successful only with 5′-deleted genes. ComE and ComF are similar to pilins and pilin-like components. Both genes were mutated, and the phenotypes of the mutants were analyzed. Natural transformation incomF mutants is 1,000-fold reduced, whereascomE mutants exhibit 10-fold-reduced transformation frequencies. This is clear evidence thatcomE andcomF are involved in natural transformation. However, ComE and ComF are specific for DNA translocation, sincecomE andcomF defects affected neither piliation nor lipase secretion. These results suggest that the type IV pili, the general protein secretion pathway, and the DNA translocation machinery inAcinetobacter sp. strain BD413 are evolutionary related but functionally distinct systems.

applied and environmental microbiology

Identification and Characterization of ComE and ComF, Two Novel Pilin-Like Competence Factors Involved in Natural Transformation of <i>Acinetobacter</i> sp. Strain BD413

Identification and Characterization of ComE and ComF, Two Novel Pilin-Like Competence Factors Involved in Natural Transformation of Acinetobacter sp. Strain BD413