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The wild-type strain ofClostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 tends to degenerate (i.e., lose the ability to form solvents) after prolonged periods of laboratory culture. Several Tn1545 mutants of this organism showing enhanced long-term stability of solvent production were isolated. Four of them harbor identical insertions within thefms (def ) gene, which encodes peptide deformylase (PDF). TheC. beijerinckii fms gene product contains four diagnostic residues involved in the Zn2+ coordination and catalysis found in all PDFs, but it is unusually small, because it lacks the dispensable disordered C-terminal domain. Unlike previously characterized PDFs fromEscherichia coli andThermus thermophilus , theC. beijerinckii PDF can apparently tolerate N-terminal truncation. The Tn1545 insertion in the mutants is at a site corresponding to residue 15 of the predicted gene product. This probably removes 23 N-terminal residues from PDF, leaving a 116-residue protein. The mutant PDF retains at least partial function, and it complements anfms (Ts) strain ofE. coli . Northern hybridizations indicate that the mutant gene is actively transcribed inC. beijerinckii . This can only occur from a previously unsuspected, outwardly directed promoter located close to the right end of Tn1545 . The Tn1545 insertion infms causes a reduction in the growth rate ofC. beijerinckii , and, associated with this, the bacteria display an enhanced stability of solvent production. The latter phenotype can be mimicked in the wild type by reducing the growth rate. Therefore, the observed amelioration of degeneration in the mutants is probably due to their reduced growth rates.

Truncation of Peptide Deformylase Reduces the Growth Rate and Stabilizes Solvent Production in Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052