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Updates on retinal imaging technology for screening and diagnosis
Author(s) -
Wong T.,
Schmetterer L.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
acta ophthalmologica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.534
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1755-3768
pISSN - 1755-375X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2017.02356
Subject(s) - optical coherence tomography , retinal , medicine , fundus photography , diabetic retinopathy , ophthalmology , macular degeneration , macular edema , retina , optometry , fundus (uterus) , fluorescein angiography , computer science , diabetes mellitus , optics , physics , endocrinology
Summary There has been a revolution in retinal imaging, allowing better screening, diagnosis, risk stratification and management of diabetic retinopathy ( DR ), age‐related macular degeneration ( AMD ), and retinal vascular disorders. In terms of DR screening, current imaging techniques employ fundus photography and skilled readers for DR assessment. There has been development of automated retinal image analysis software such as deep learning techniques using artificial intelligence. Current screening programs also do not effectively screen for diabetic macular edema ( DME ). Optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) can potentially provide cost‐effective solutions for improving DME detection. New screening techniques to image the peripheral retina such as ultra‐widefield imaging offers further potential. For diagnosis and risk stratification, spectral domain OCT ( SD ‐ OCT ) and swept source OCT ( SW ‐ OCT ) are increasing used to diagnosis AMD , DME , and other conditions. Traditionally, FFA is used to evaluate AMD and DR . OCT angiography ( OCT ‐A) technology is a major advance that offers the opportunity to non‐invasively visualize different retinal capillary layers without injection of dye. OCT ‐A is primed to replace FFA for most clinical scenarios.