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Social Darwinism in Anglophone Academic Journals: A Contribution to the History of the Term
Author(s) -
Hodgson Geoffrey M.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of historical sociology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.186
H-Index - 26
eISSN - 1467-6443
pISSN - 0952-1909
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-6443.2004.00239.x
Subject(s) - term (time) , ideology , social darwinism , meaning (existential) , darwinism , sociology , context (archaeology) , social science , social reality , epistemology , politics , law , history , political science , philosophy , physics , archaeology , quantum mechanics
Abstract This essay is a partial history of the term “Social Darwinism”. Using large electronic databases, it is shown that the use of the term in leading Anglophone academic journals was rare up to the 1940s. Citations of the term were generally disapproving of the racist or imperialist ideologies with which it was associated. Neither Herbert Spencer nor William Graham Sumner were described as Social Darwinists in this early literature. Talcott Parsons (1932, 1934, 1937) extended the meaning of the term to describe any extensive use of ideas from biology in the social sciences. Subsequently, Richard Hofstadter (1944) gave the use of the term a huge boost, in the context of a global anti‐fascist war.