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The history of shoot damage by Tomicus spp. (Col., Scolytidae) in a Pinus sylvestris L. stand damaged by the shoot‐disease fungus Gremmeniella abietina (Lagerb.) Morelet
Author(s) -
Kaitera J.,
Jalkanen R.
Publication year - 1994
Publication title -
journal of applied entomology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.795
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1439-0418
pISSN - 0931-2048
DOI - 10.1111/j.1439-0418.1994.tb00739.x
Subject(s) - biology , scots pine , pinus <genus> , shoot , botany , horticulture
Abstract A method has been developed for studying the history of attack by Tomicus piniperda L. in Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) stands. Attacks in a stand were dated by means of external evidence on living shoots and young branches, and from anatomical evidence in older shoots. The method revealed that Tomicus outbreak was associated with epidemics caused by G. abietina . The role of Tomicus in the decline of a G. abietina infected stand is discussed. Summary By investigating systematically all the annual shoots of all the first‐order branches of fourteen Scots pines ( Pinus sylvestris L.) infected by Gremmeniella abietina (Lagerb.) Morelet, the history of Tomicus spp. outbreaks in the stand, too, was clarified from the 1960 to 1990. Oldest traces of Tomicus shoot damage dated back to early 1960's. Excluding the year 1979, Tomicus spp. had attacked shoots since 1973 to present (1990). Most damage had happened in the 1980's and especially during the last three years 1988–1990. As compared to Gremmeniella abietina history in the stand, the pathogen was responsible on the main decline of the stand which was then secondarily fulfilled by Tomicus spp. Zusammenfassung Über Beziehungen zwischen dem Triebbefall bei Pinus sylvestris durch Tomicus spp. (Col., Scolytidae) und der Kieferntriebkrankheit, verursacht durch den Pilz Gremmeniella abietina (Lagerb.) Morelet Es wurde eine Methode zum Studium des Triebbefalls bei Kiefer durch den Waldgärtner Tomicus piniperda L. entwickelt. Der Befall wurde mit Hilfe der Datierung der äußerlich sichtbaren Einbohrlöcher in lebenden Jungtrieben und des anatomischen Nachweises in älteren Trieben erfaßt. Dabei ergab sich, daß die Tomicus ‐Massenvermehrung zu der Infektion der Triebe durch den Pilz G. abietina in Beziehung stand. Die Rolle des Waldgärtners in einem mit G. abietina infizierten Kiefernbestand wird erörtert.