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An integrated electron and optical metallographic procedure for the identification of precipitate phases in type 316 stainless steel
Author(s) -
Slattery G. F.,
O'Riordan P.,
Lambert M. E.,
Green S. M.
Publication year - 1981
Publication title -
journal of microscopy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.569
H-Index - 111
eISSN - 1365-2818
pISSN - 0022-2720
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2818.1981.tb01251.x
Subject(s) - materials science , optical microscope , austenite , microstructure , transmission electron microscopy , carbide , electron microscope , ferrite (magnet) , microanalysis , metallurgy , scanning electron microscope , microscopy , metallography , optics , composite material , nanotechnology , chemistry , physics , organic chemistry
SUMMARY A sequential and integrated metallographic procedure has been developed and successfully employed to differentiate between carbide, sigma, chi, Laves and ferrite phases which are commonly encountered in type 316 austenitic steel. The experimental techniques of optical and electron microscopy to identify these phases have been outlined and provide a rapid and convenient method of characterizing the microstructure of the steel. The techniques sequence involves selective metallographic etching, Nomarski interference microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive microanalysis, transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction.