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CAR T cells: driving the road from the laboratory to the clinic
Author(s) -
Cheadle Eleanor J.,
Gornall Hannah,
Baldan Vania,
Hanson Vivien,
Hawkins Robert E.,
Gilham David E.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
immunological reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.839
H-Index - 223
eISSN - 1600-065X
pISSN - 0105-2896
DOI - 10.1111/imr.12126
Subject(s) - chimeric antigen receptor , immune system , t cell , adoptive cell transfer , car t cell therapy , antigen , immunology , immunotherapy , cell therapy , medicine , antibody , cancer research , biology , cell , genetics
Summary Blockbuster antibody therapies have catapulted immune‐based approaches to treat cancer into the consciousness of mainstay clinical research. On the back of this, other emerging immune‐based therapies are providing great promise. T‐cell therapy is one such area where recent trials using T cells genetically modified to express an antibody‐based chimeric antigen receptor ( CAR ) targeted against the CD 19 antigen have demonstrated impressive responses when adoptively transferred to patients with advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The general concept of the CAR T cell was devised some 20 years ago. In this relatively short period of time, the technology to redirect T‐cell function has moved at pace facilitating clinical translation; however, many questions remain with respect to developing the approach to improve CAR T‐cell therapeutic activity and also to broaden the range of tumors that can be effectively targeted by this approach. This review highlights some of the underlying principles and compromises of CAR T‐cell technology using the CD 19‐targeted CAR as a paradigm and discusses some of the issues that relate to targeting solid tumors with CAR T cells.