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Unique micro RNA s appear at different times during the course of a delayed‐type hypersensitivity reaction in human skin
Author(s) -
Gulati Nicholas,
Løvendorf Marianne B.,
Zibert John R.,
Akat Kemal M.,
Renwick Neil,
Tuschl Thomas,
Krueger James G.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
experimental dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.108
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0625
pISSN - 0906-6705
DOI - 10.1111/exd.12813
Subject(s) - microrna , inflammation , immunology , alopecia areata , context (archaeology) , psoriasis , human skin , biology , medicine , gene , genetics , paleontology
Abstract Diphencyprone ( DPCP ) is a hapten that induces delayed‐type hypersensitivity ( DTH ) reactions. Micro RNA s (mi RNA s) are short non‐coding RNA s that negatively regulate gene expression and have been implicated in various inflammatory skin diseases, but their role in DTH reactions is not well understood. We generated global mi RNA expression profiles (using next‐generation sequencing) of DPCP reactions in skin of seven healthy volunteers at 3, 14 and 120 days after challenge. Compared to placebo‐treated sites, DPCP ‐challenged skin at 3 days (peak inflammation) had 127 mi RNA s significantly deregulated. At 14 days (during resolution of inflammation), 43 mi RNA s were deregulated and, at 120 days (when inflammation had completely resolved), six mi RNA s were upregulated. While some mi RNA s have been observed in psoriasis or atopic dermatitis, most of the deregulated mi RNA s have not yet been studied in the context of skin biology or immunology. Across the three time points studied, many but not all mi RNA s were uniquely expressed. As various mi RNA s may influence T cell activation, this may indicate that the mi RNA s exclusively expressed at different time points function to promote or resolve skin inflammation, and therefore, may inform on the paradoxical ability of DPCP to treat both autoimmune conditions (alopecia areata) and conditions of ineffective immunity (melanoma).