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Clinically significant anxiety as a risk factor for dementia in the elderly community
Author(s) -
Santabárbara J.,
LopezAnton R.,
Cámara C.,
Lobo E.,
GraciaGarcía P.,
Villagrasa B.,
BuenoNotivol J.,
Marcos G.,
Lobo A.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
acta psychiatrica scandinavica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.849
H-Index - 146
eISSN - 1600-0447
pISSN - 0001-690X
DOI - 10.1111/acps.12966
Subject(s) - dementia , anxiety , depression (economics) , risk factor , confounding , medicine , hazard ratio , incidence (geometry) , population , psychiatry , psychology , confidence interval , environmental health , disease , physics , optics , economics , macroeconomics
Objective To evaluate whether clinically significant anxiety is an independent risk factor for dementia, taking into account both depression among potentially confounding factors and the competing risk of death. Method During the Zaragoza Dementia and Depression ( ZARADEMP ) study, a random sample of community dwellers aged 55 years or older was assessed ( n = 4803), and a two‐wave, 4.5‐year follow‐up was completed. Geriatric Mental State ( GMS )‐ AGECAT criteria were used to diagnose anxiety and DSM ‐ IV criteria were applied to diagnose incident dementia. The multivariate Fine and Gray regression model was implemented to calculate dementia risk. Results Compared with non‐cases ( GMS ‐ AGECAT criteria), the incidence rate of dementia was significantly higher in subcases of anxiety, and particularly significant in the cases of anxiety (incidence rate ratio ( IRR ): 2.77; P = 0.010). Cases of anxiety, but not subcases, at baseline were significantly associated with dementia risk (adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio ( SHR ): 2.7; P = 0.019). Conclusion Clinically significant anxiety is associated with an almost threefold increase in the risk of dementia in the population, even when controlling for depression and considering mortality in the competing risks model.