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Scanning Electron Microscopy Images and Energy‐Dispersive X‐Ray Microanalysis of the Stapes in Otosclerosis and Van der Hoeve Syndrome
Author(s) -
VallejoValdezate Luis Angel,
MartínGil Jesús,
JoséYacamán Manuel,
MartínGil Francisco Javier,
GilCarcedo Luis Maria
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
the laryngoscope
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.181
H-Index - 148
eISSN - 1531-4995
pISSN - 0023-852X
DOI - 10.1097/00005537-200009000-00018
Subject(s) - otosclerosis , calcium , stapes , scanning electron microscope , microanalysis , electron microscope , brushite , chemistry , electron probe microanalysis , mineralization (soil science) , x ray , mineralogy , anatomy , materials science , analytical chemistry (journal) , electron microprobe , medicine , optics , middle ear , surgery , composite material , physics , organic chemistry , nitrogen , chromatography
Abstract Objective/Hypothesis The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological and microchemical changes that affect sclerotic stapes in otospongiosis and van der Hoeve syndrome. Methods A scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy‐dispersive x‐ray analyzer was used in the experiments. Results In otosclerosis, focal lesions are poorly mineralized, with low calcium salt and reduced calcium‐to‐phosphorus (Ca/P) ratio (1.9:1). This finding correlates with a spongiotic type of lesion and indicates unstable mineralization with possible change from hydroxyapatite to calcium triphosphate. In van der Hoeve syndrome the presence of magnesium in stapes suggests osteoclastic function stimulation. The osteoclasts secrete many protons, causing an acidified microenvironment. Brushite is formed, and Ca/P ratio decreases in comparison with that of control patients (2.0:1 vs. 2.6:1).