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Deletion of Arid1a in osteosarcoma enhances aggressive cell phenotypes
Author(s) -
Fatema Kaniz,
Ranjit Arina,
Barrott Jared,
Habashi Ali
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.790.5
Subject(s) - osteosarcoma , arid1a , epigenetics , cancer research , biology , cancer , gene , chemotherapy , medicine , bioinformatics , oncology , genetics , mutation
Osteosarcoma is a form of bone cancer that primarily affects children and young adults. 30 years ago survival rates went from 20% survival to 75% survival with the introduction of aggressive chemotherapy combined with surgery. For the past three decades the survival rate has remained the same despite the increase in targeted therapies to treat other cancers. Our research is aimed toward discovering new drugs that can treat patients that do not respond to traditional chemotherapy. With recent cancer discoveries, osteosarcoma has been identified as a genetically complex disease. In a forward genetic screen using the transposon piggyBac , we discovered a strong correlation between Arid1a gene repression and increased osteosarcoma rates. The ARID1A protein plays a role in epigenetics by directing chromosomes to unwind from histones. In an attempt to discover whether ARID1A contributes to sarcomagenesis, osteosarcoma cell lines were grown in culture dishes. Using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, the ARID1A gene was disrupted from the main sequence and various methods were used to test proliferation rates. Not only are we testing gene disruption in cell lines, but we are also testing mouse models that have had Arid1a knocked out to determine if osteosarcoma growth rates increased. Our long term goal is to provide a therapy that can be tested in humans with osteosarcoma to help those who do not respond to traditional chemotherapy and provide an alternative therapy with potentially less side effects. Support or Funding Information Idaho INBRE Idaho State University Start Up This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .