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Fasting and Postprandial Trimethylamine N‐oxide in Sedentary and Endurance Trained Males
Author(s) -
Steele Cortney,
Baugh Mary Elizabeth,
Griffin Laura,
Neilson Andrew,
Davy Brenda,
Hulver Matthew,
Davy Kevin
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.536.18
Subject(s) - trimethylamine n oxide , trimethylamine , postprandial , chemistry , medicine , endocrinology , carnitine , carbohydrate , choline , saturated fat , diabetes mellitus , cholesterol , biochemistry
Background Gut bacteria release trimethylamine (TMA) from dietary substrates, e.g., choline, phosphatidylcholine, and L‐carnitine. TMA is absorbed and subsequently oxidized in the liver to produce trimethylamine N‐oxide (TMAO). TMAO is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Consumption of a high fat diet (HFD) is associated with increase in TMAO in sedentary individuals. However, whether the increase in TMAO with consumption in a HFD is observed in endurance trained individuals is unknown. Methods Healthy, sedentary (n=17) and endurance trained (n=7) males consumed a 10‐day isocaloric lead‐in diet comprised of 55% carbohydrate, 30% total fat, <10% saturated fat prior to baseline testing. Blood samples were obtained in the fasting state and every hour during a 4‐hour high fat challenge (HFC) meal (820 kcal; 25% carbohydrate, 63% fat [21% saturated fat]) at baseline and following 5‐day HFD (30% carbohydrate, 55% total fat, 25% saturated fat). Plasma TMAO and TMA‐moieties (choline, betaine, L‐carnitine) were measured using isocratic ultraperformance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. Results Age ( 23±3 vs. 22±2.1 yrs) and body mass index (23.4± 3.0 vs. 23.5±2.1 kg/m 2 ) were similar (both P>0.05) in the sedentary and endurance trained group, respectively. As expected, VO 2 max was significantly higher in the endurance trained compared with sedentary individuals (56.7±8.2 vs. 39.3±5.8 ml/kg/min). There were no significant differences in fasting (1.92 ± 0.8 μM vs. 2.09 ± 1.1 μM, P>0.05) or postprandial TMAO between sedentary or trained individuals, respectively, at baseline. Neither fasting (1.49± 1.2 μM vs. 2.25 ± 1.4 μM, P>0.05) or postprandial TMAO changed significantly with the HFD in the sedentary and endurance training individuals. Conclusions Neither fasting nor postprandial TMAO changed significantly following the HFD in the endurance trained compared to sedentary individuals in the present study. Future studies are needed to identify effective interventions that target TMA‐releasing bacteria and reduce TMAO. Support or Funding Information American Diabetes Association and Translation Obesity Research Interdisciplinary Graduate Education Program This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .