Open AccessEnzymatic Glycerolysis of Palm Kernel Olein and Palm Kernel Stearin in different Ratios for Monolaurin Synthesis
Author(s) -
N Ngatirah,
Chusnul Hidayat,
ES Rahayu,
Tyas Utami
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
iop conference series. materials science and engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1757-899X
pISSN - 1757-8981
DOI - 10.1088/1757-899x/1192/1/012018
Subject(s) - palm kernel oil , monoglyceride , palm stearin , chemistry , lauric acid , glycerol , palm kernel , chromatography , glyceride , food science , monoacylglycerol lipase , organic chemistry , palm oil , biochemistry , fatty acid , endocannabinoid system , receptor
Monolaurin is known as a monoglyceride of lauric acid, which act as an emulsifier and antimicrobial. One potential of monolaurin raw materials is palm kernel oil (PKO), which can be fractionated into palm kernel olein (PKOo) and palm kernel stearin (PKS). This study aims to determine the enzymatic glycerolysis influence of PKOo and PKS mixture in different ratios and time, on monoacylglycerol (MAG), diacylglycerol (DAG), and triacylglycerol (TAG) profiles. The Glycerolysis process of PKOo-PKS fat blends were carried out in different ratios of (60:40, 40:60, and 20:80 w/w) using commercial lipases (Lypozime RM IM) at 50°C, with an oil:glycerol molar ratio of 1:4, in a tert-butanol solvent system, between 3 to 24 hours. The results showed that the glycerolysis of PKOo and PKS in different ratios yielded varying product reactions with similar compositions (1.8-3.9% MAG, 73.2-76.4% DAG, and 20.7-24.2% TAG). A higher and not significant MAG was observed during the period of 24 hours. Also, the monolaurin was obtained at the ratio of 40:60 PKOo:PKS, within the glycerolysis time of 3 to 24 hours, at approximately 2.18±0.59% and 3.47±0.62%, respectively. The FTIR analysis also showed that the monolaurin sample was identical to the standard type, with the formation of OH group at wave number and cluster C=O ester of 3368.64 cm -1 and 1734.03 cm -1 , respectively.