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We compare the upper critical field of bulk single-crystalline samples of thetwo intrinsic transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) superconductors, 2H-NbSe2and 2H-NbS2, in high magnetic fields where their layer structure is alignedstrictly parallel and perpendicular to the field, using magnetic torqueexperiments and a high-precision piezo-rotary positioner. While bothsuperconductors show that orbital effects still have a significant impact whenthe layer structure is aligned parallel to the field, the upper critical fieldof NbS2 rises above the Pauli limiting field and forms aFulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state, while orbital effects suppresssuperconductivity in NbSe2 just below the Pauli limit. From the out-of-planeanisotropies, the coherence length perpendicular to the layers of 31 {\AA} inNbSe2 is much larger than the interlayer distance, leading to a significantorbital effect suppressing superconductivity before the Pauli limit is reached,in contrast to the more 2D NbS2.

new journal of physics

Competition between orbital effects, Pauli limiting, and  Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov states in 2D transition metal dichalcogenide  superconductors