Open AccessSeroepidemiology and Risk Factors for Sporadic Norovirus/Mexico Strain
Author(s) -
Anne Peasey,
Guillermo M. RuizPalacios,
Maria Quigley,
William Newsholme,
Julia Santín Martínez,
Gustavo Rosales-Chávez,
Xi Jiang,
U. J. Blumenthal
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
the journal of infectious diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.69
H-Index - 252
eISSN - 1537-6613
pISSN - 0022-1899
DOI - 10.1086/386310
Subject(s) - norovirus , risk factor , outbreak , hygiene , environmental health , norwalk virus , personal hygiene , medicine , odds ratio , transmission (telecommunications) , serology , risk of infection , epidemiology , virology , immunology , antibody , biology , family medicine , pathology , electrical engineering , genetics , engineering
Risk factors associated with transmission of sporadic norovirus (NV; formerly Norwalk-like virus)/Mexico strain were identified in a seroepidemiological study conducted in rural Mexico. Acquisition of Mexico strain IgA antibodies was age-related; 34% of 1-4-year-olds were seropositive, compared with 81% of adults (P<.001). After 12 months, 42% of 1-4-year-olds showed a seroresponse to Mexico strain, compared with 27% of adults (P<.01). Personal and domestic hygiene measures, such as hand washing, general cleanliness of the mother's clothing, and the type of room assigned for cooking were significantly associated with odds of a seroresponse. For infants, having a dog in or near the home was a risk factor for seroresponse (P<.01), whereas, for older children, the mother's involvement in agricultural activities was a risk factor (P<.001). This study provides initial evidence of risk factors associated with sporadic NV infection. Data indicate some similarities to risk factors associated with outbreaks of NV infection.
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