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Detection of Glucose and Related Analytes by Biosensors: A Fractal Analysis
Author(s) -
Doke Atul M.,
Sadana Ajit
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
biotechnology progress
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.572
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1520-6033
pISSN - 8756-7938
DOI - 10.1021/bp050118p
Subject(s) - biosensor , fractal analysis , chemistry , dissociation (chemistry) , analyte , kinetics , fractal dimension , receptor–ligand kinetics , analytical chemistry (journal) , fractal , chromatography , biochemistry , mathematical analysis , physics , mathematics , receptor , quantum mechanics
Abstract A fractal analysis is used to model the binding and dissociation kinetics of connective tissue interstitial glucose, adipose tissue interstitial glucose, insulin, and other related analytes on biosensor surfaces. The analysis provides insights into diffusion‐limited analyte‐receptor reactions occurring on heterogeneous biosensor surfaces. Numerical values obtained for the binding and the dissociation rate coefficients are linked to the degree of heterogeneity or roughness (fractal dimension, D f ) present on the biosensor chip surface. The binding and dissociation rate coefficients are sensitive to the degree of heterogeneity on the surface. For example, for the binding of plasma insulin, as the fractal dimension value increases by a factor of 2.47 from D f1 equal to 0.6827 to D f2 equal to 1.6852, the binding rate coefficient increases by a factor of 4.92 from k 1 equal to 1.0232 to k 2 equal to 5.0388. An increase in the degree of heterogeneity on the probe surface leads to an increase in the binding rate coefficient. A dual‐fractal analysis is required to fit the binding kinetics in most of the cases presented. A single fractal analysis is adequate to describe the dissociation kinetics. Affinity (ratio of the binding to the dissociation rate coefficient) values are also presented. Interferents for glucose such as uric acid and ascorbic acid were also detected using glucose biosensors based on carbon nanotube (CNT) nanoelectrode ensembles (NEEs) (29) (Lin, Y.; Lu, F.; Tu, Y.; Ren, Z. Nano Lett . 2004 , 4 (2), 191–195). Attempts are made to standardize biosensor properties in terms of diffusion characteristics on in vivo responsiveness.