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SUMMARY  The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) virulence markers ( stx1 , stx2 , eae , ehxA ) in E. coli strains isolated from young calves aged fewer than 7 days (bobby calves). In total, 299 recto-anal mucosal swabs were collected from animals at two slaughter plants and inoculated onto tryptone bile X-glucuronide and sorbitol MacConkey agar supplemented with cefixime and potassium tellurite. Isolates were analysed using multiplex polymerase chain reaction to detect stx1 , stx2 , eae and ehxA genes. The most common combination of virulence markers were eae, ehxA ( n  = 35) followed by eae ( n  = 9). In total, STEC and atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (aEPEC) were isolated from 8/299 (2·6%) and 37/299 (12·3%) calves, respectively. All the isolates could be assigned to 15 genotype clusters with &gt;70% similarity cut-off using Xba I pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. It may be concluded that healthy calves from the dairy industry are asymptomatic carriers of a diverse population of STEC and aEPEC in New Zealand.

epidemiology and infection

Distribution ofEscherichia colistrains harbouring Shiga toxin-producingE. coli(STEC)-associated virulence factors (stx1, stx2, eae, ehxA) from very young calves in the North Island of New Zealand