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Novel Efficient Pd‐Free Ni‐Layered Double Hydroxide Catalysts for a Suzuki C–C Coupling Reaction
Author(s) -
Alzhrani Ghalia,
Ahmed Nesreen S.,
Aazam Elham S.,
Saleh Tamer S.,
Mokhtar Mohamed
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
chemistryselect
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.437
H-Index - 34
ISSN - 2365-6549
DOI - 10.1002/slct.201900890
Subject(s) - catalysis , thermogravimetric analysis , x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , layered double hydroxides , nickel , hydroxide , coprecipitation , palladium , physisorption , materials science , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , coupling reaction , nuclear chemistry , chemistry , inorganic chemistry , chemical engineering , organic chemistry , metallurgy , engineering
Abstract The Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction has developed as one of the foremost effectual approaches for the synthesis of biaryls or substituted aromatic moieties from aryl halides and arylboronic acids with a palladium‐catalyst in the past two eras. In this study, Pd‐free layered double hydroxides (LDHs) nickel‐containing catalysts were prepared by a coprecipitation method under ultrasonic irradiation and N 2 atmosphere with different molar ratios of Ni:Mg:Al and coded as (1NiLDHs−Dr), (1.5NiLDHs−Dr) and (2NiLDHs−Dr). A series of reduced catalysts under 5% H 2 /N 2 at 200 °C were coded as 1NiLDHs−R200, 1.5NiLDHs−R200 and 2NiLDHs−R200. Deep investigation of all catalysts was done using different techniques such as inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP‐OES), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), Fourier transfer infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) connected with energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and N 2 ‐physisorption at –196 °C. The results attained verified that ɑ‐Ni(OH) 2 was fashioned for a 2NiLDHs−Dr catalyst and that the enclosure of nickel ions in the cationic sheet of the layered structure was responsible for the fascinating catalytic efficacy rather than the basic nature of material. The Ni‐containing LDHs catalysts encourage forthcoming studies in Pd‐free catalyzed C−C coupling reactions.