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Which way does the citric acid cycle turn during hypoxia? The critical role of α‐ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
Author(s) -
Chinopoulos Christos
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of neuroscience research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.72
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1097-4547
pISSN - 0360-4012
DOI - 10.1002/jnr.23196
Subject(s) - citric acid cycle , oxidative phosphorylation , biochemistry , metabolic pathway , dehydrogenase , citric acid , chemistry , oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex , enzyme , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , branched chain alpha keto acid dehydrogenase complex
The citric acid cycle forms a major metabolic hub and as such it is involved in many disease states involving energetic imbalance. In spite of the fact that it is being branded as a “cycle”, during hypoxia, when the electron transport chain does not oxidize reducing equivalents, segments of this metabolic pathway remain operational but exhibit opposing directionalities. This serves the purpose of harnessing high‐energy phosphates through matrix substrate‐level phosphorylation in the absence of oxidative phosphorylation. In this Mini‐Review, these segments are appraised, pointing to the critical importance of the α‐ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex dictating their directionalities. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.