Flexible Freestanding MoO 3− x –Carbon Nanotubes–Nanocellulose Paper Electrodes for Charge‐Storage Applications

Herein, a one‐step synthesis protocol was developed for synthesizing freestanding/flexible paper electrodes composed of nanostructured molybdenum oxide (MoO 3− x ) embedded in a carbon nanotube (CNT) and Cladophora cellulose (CC) matrix. The preparation method involved sonication of the precursors, nanostructured MoO 3− x , CNTs, and CC with weight ratios of 7:2:1, in a water/ethanol mixture, followed by vacuum filtration. The electrodes were straightforward to handle and possessed a thickness of approximately 12 μm and a mass loading of MoO 3− x –CNTs of approximately 0.9 mg cm −2 . The elemental mapping showed that the nanostructured MoO 3− x was uniformly embedded inside the CNTs–CC matrix. The MoO 3− x –CNTs–CC paper electrodes featured a capacity of 30 C g −1 , normalized to the mass of MoO 3− x –CNTs, at a current density of 78 A g −1 (corresponding to a rate of approximately 210 C based on the MoO 3 content, assuming a theoretical capacity of 1339 C g −1 ), and exhibited a capacity retention of 91 % over 30 000 cycles. This study paves the way for the manufacturing of flexible/freestanding nanostructured MoO 3− x ‐based electrodes for use in charge‐storage devices at high charge/discharge rates.