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Morphological Phase Diagram of Biocatalytically Active Ceria Nanostructures as a Function of Processing Variables and Their Properties
Author(s) -
Sakthivel Tamilselvan,
Das Soumen,
Kumar Amit,
Reid David L.,
Gupta Ankur,
Sayle Dean C.,
Seal Sudipta
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
chempluschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.801
H-Index - 61
ISSN - 2192-6506
DOI - 10.1002/cplu.201300302
Subject(s) - nanorod , nanomaterials , materials science , nanoparticle , nanotechnology , nanostructure , template , hydrothermal circulation , cerium , chemical engineering , transmission electron microscopy , tetragonal crystal system , high resolution transmission electron microscopy , phase (matter) , crystal structure , crystallography , chemistry , organic chemistry , engineering , metallurgy
Abstract We rationalize how fluorite‐structured CeO 2 , which is crystallographically isotropic, can grow anisotropically (without templates) to form nanoparticles, rods, and cubes. In particular, single‐crystalline and monodispersed cubic CeO 2 nanoparticles, nanorods, and nanocubes have been selectively synthesized by a very simple, efficient, and economical hydrothermal process using different NaOH concentrations, and Ce(NO 3 ) 3 as the cerium precursor. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals nanomaterials with differently exposed crystal planes: {111} and {100} for nanoparticles, {110} and {100} for nanorods, and {100} for nanocubes. During the preparation of the CeO 2 nanomaterials, the formation of intermediate anisotropic Ce(OH) 3 species under basic conditions and their conversion into CeO 2 at higher temperature are key factors responsible for the shape evolution. Atomistic computer simulations were used to help rationalize how the synthetic conditions impact upon the morphology of the nanomaterial. The synthesized CeO 2 nanoparticles and nanorods demonstrate higher catalase mimetic activities than the nanocubes.