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Dental implant customization using numerical optimization design and 3‐dimensional printing fabrication of zirconia ceramic
Author(s) -
Cheng YungChang,
Lin DengHuei,
Jiang ChoPei,
Lin YuanMin
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
international journal for numerical methods in biomedical engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.741
H-Index - 63
eISSN - 2040-7947
pISSN - 2040-7939
DOI - 10.1002/cnm.2820
Subject(s) - materials science , ceramic , fabrication , green body , thread (computing) , 3d printing , cubic zirconia , interpolation (computer graphics) , slurry , composite material , finite element method , biomedical engineering , mechanical engineering , computer science , structural engineering , engineering , medicine , alternative medicine , pathology , frame (networking)
Abstract This study proposes a new methodology for dental implant customization consisting of numerical geometric optimization and 3‐dimensional printing fabrication of zirconia ceramic. In the numerical modeling, exogenous factors for implant shape include the thread pitch, thread depth, maximal diameter of implant neck, and body size. Endogenous factors are bone density, cortical bone thickness, and non‐osseointegration. An integration procedure, including uniform design method, Kriging interpolation and genetic algorithm, is applied to optimize the geometry of dental implants. The threshold of minimal micromotion for optimization evaluation was 100 μm. The optimized model is imported to the 3‐dimensional slurry printer to fabricate the zirconia green body (powder is bonded by polymer weakly) of the implant. The sintered implant is obtained using a 2‐stage sintering process. Twelve models are constructed according to uniform design method and simulated the micromotion behavior using finite element modeling. The result of uniform design models yields a set of exogenous factors that can provide the minimal micromotion (30.61 μm), as a suitable model. Kriging interpolation and genetic algorithm modified the exogenous factor of the suitable model, resulting in 27.11 μm as an optimization model. Experimental results show that the 3‐dimensional slurry printer successfully fabricated the green body of the optimization model, but the accuracy of sintered part still needs to be improved. In addition, the scanning electron microscopy morphology is a stabilized t‐phase microstructure, and the average compressive strength of the sintered part is 632.1 MPa.