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Threonine stabilizer‐controlled well‐dispersed small palladium nanoparticles on modified magnetic nanocatalyst for Heck cross‐coupling process in water
Author(s) -
Sarvi Iraj,
Gholizadeh Mostafa,
Izadyar Mohammad
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
applied organometallic chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.53
H-Index - 71
eISSN - 1099-0739
pISSN - 0268-2605
DOI - 10.1002/aoc.4645
Subject(s) - chemistry , palladium , catalysis , stabilizer (aeronautics) , threonine , leaching (pedology) , dispersity , heck reaction , nanoparticle , magnetic nanoparticles , coupling reaction , polymer chemistry , solvent , inorganic chemistry , nuclear chemistry , chemical engineering , organic chemistry , nanotechnology , materials science , mechanical engineering , environmental science , serine , soil science , engineering , soil water , enzyme
We report the synthesis of magnetically separable Fe 3 O 4 @Silica‐Threonine‐Pd 0 magnetic nanoparticles with a core–shell structure. After synthesis of Fe 3 O 4 @Silica, threonine as an efficient stabilizer/ligand was bonded to the surface of Fe 3 O 4 @Silica. Then, palladium nanoparticles were generated on the threonine‐modified catalyst. The threonine stabilizer helps to generate palladium nanoparticles of small size (less than 4 nm) with high dispersity and uniformity. Magnetically separable Fe 3 O 4 @Silica‐Threonine‐Pd 0 nanocatalyst was fully characterized using various techniques. This nanocatalyst efficiently catalysed the Heck cross‐coupling reaction of a variety of substrates in water medium as a green, safe and inexpensive solvent at 80°C. The Fe 3 O 4 @Silica‐Threonine‐Pd 0 catalyst was used for at least eight successful consecutive runs with palladium leaching of only 0.05%.
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