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Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and cognitive function in the Age‐Related Eye Disease Studies 1 & 2
Author(s) -
Keenan Tiarnán D.,
Agrón Elvira,
Mares Julie A.,
Clemons Traci E.,
Asten Freekje,
Swaroop Anand,
Chew Emily Y.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1002/alz.12077
Subject(s) - mediterranean diet , cognition , cognitive decline , medicine , odds ratio , observational study , effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance , gerontology , apolipoprotein e , disease , dementia , psychiatry
Abstract Introduction The objective was to determine whether closer adherence to the alternative Mediterranean Diet (aMED) was associated with altered cognitive function. Methods Observational analyses of participants (n = 7,756) enrolled in two randomized trials of nutritional supplements for age‐related macular degeneration: Age‐Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) and AREDS2. Results Odds ratios for cognitive impairment, in aMED tertile 3 (vs 1), were 0.36 ( P = .0001) for Modified Mini‐Mental State (<80) and 0.56 ( P = .001) for composite score in AREDS, and 0.56 for Telephone Interview Cognitive Status‐Modified (<30) and 0.48 for composite score (each P < .0001) in AREDS2. Fish intake was associated with higher cognitive function. In AREDS2, rate of cognitive decline over 5 to 10 years was not significantly different by aMED but was significantly slower ( P = .019) with higher fish intake. Discussion Closer Mediterranean diet adherence was associated with lower risk of cognitive impairment but not slower decline in cognitive function. Apolipoprotein E ( APOE ) haplotype did not influence these relationships.