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On‐chip chiral and achiral separation of amphetamine and related compounds labeled with 4‐fluoro‐7‐nitrobenzofurazane
Author(s) -
Wallenborg Susanne R.,
Lurie Ira S.,
Arnold Don W.,
Bailey Christopher G.
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
electrophoresis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.666
H-Index - 158
eISSN - 1522-2683
pISSN - 0173-0835
DOI - 10.1002/1522-2683(20000901)21:15<3257::aid-elps3257>3.0.co;2-m
Subject(s) - ephedrine , chemistry , pseudoephedrine , chromatography , phenylpropanolamine , micellar electrokinetic chromatography , sodium dodecyl sulfate , capillary electrophoresis , amphetamine , cathinone , neuroscience , dopamine , biology
Abstract Amphetamine and analogous compounds have been labeled with 4‐fluoro‐7‐nitrobenzofurazane and analyzed on a microfabricated chip. Separation of norephedrine, ephedrine, cathinone, pseudoephedrine, methcathinone, amphetamine and methamphetamine is demonstrated using micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC) and laser‐induced fluorescence (LIF) detection. Chiral separations of individual drugs were studied using neutral and negatively charged cyclodextrins (CDs) with and without the addition of an organic modifier and/or sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The best results were obtained using a highly sulfated γ‐CD (HS‐γ‐CD) in combination with a low concentration of SDS. To obtain complete separation of a mixture of (+/−)‐norephedrine, (+/−)ephedrine, (+/−)‐pseudoephedrine, (+/−)‐methcathinone, (+/−)‐amphetamine and (+/−)‐methamphetamine it was necessary to add a small amount (1.5 m M ) of SDS to the separation buffer. Optimized chiral separation was achieved within 7 min using an S‐folded separation channel, a separation voltage of 8 kV and a buffer consisting of 50 m M phosphate (pH 7.35), 10 m M HS‐γ‐CD and 1.5 m M SDS.