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Optical quantum memories are essential for quantum communications andphotonic quantum technologies. Ensemble optical memories based on 3-levelinteractions are a popular basis for implementing these memories. However,ensemble optical memories based on an off-resonant 3-level interaction, such asthe Raman gradient echo memory (GEM), suffer loss due to scattering from theintermediate state. This scattering is normally reduced by a large detuningfrom the intermediate state. In this work we show that loss is reduced in GEMdue to electromagnetically induced transparency adjacent to the Ramanabsorption line, and the highest efficiency is instead achieved at a moderatedetuning. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the transparency, and therefore theefficiency of GEM, depends on the order in which gradients are applied to storeand recall the light. We provide a theoretical analysis and show experimentallyhow the efficiency depends on gradient order and detuning.

Electromagnetically-induced transparency assists the Raman gradient echo memory at moderate detuning, dependent on gradient order