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In this paper, we show that the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio(SINR) at a base station (BS) equipped with an arbitrary physical array antennacan be expressed as a function of two fundamental figures-of-merit (FoMs): (I)the instantaneous effective gain (IEG), and (II) the beamforming-channelcorrelation (BCC). These two FoMs are functions of the array antenna layout,the antenna elements, the propagation channel and the applied signal processingalgorithms, and hence they are random variables (RVs) in general. We illustratethat both FoMs provide essential insights for quality-of-service (QoS)-basedphased array design by investigating their statistics for BSs applyingfull-digital (FD) zero forcing (ZF) beamforming. We evaluate various arraydesigns and show that arrays with higher IEGs and a reduced probability of lowBCCs can increase the ergodic sum rate and reduce the need for scheduling.

Stochastic Phased Array Performance Indicators for Quality-of-Service-Enhanced Massive MIMO