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Motivated by unexpected reports of a 26 K superconducting transition inelemental titanium at high pressure, we carry out an accurate ab-initio studyof its properties to understand the rationale for this observation. Thecritical superconducting temperatures (Tc's) predicted under the assumption ofa phononic pairing mechanism are found to be significantly lower than thoseexperimentally observed. We argue that this disagreement cannot be explained byan unconventional coupling, as previously suggested, or by the existence ofcompeting metastable structural phases. As a physically meaningful hypothesisto reconcile experimental and theoretical results, we assume the presence of Tivacancies in the lattice. Our first-principles calculations indeed show thatlattice vacancies can cause pressure dependent phonon softening andsubstantially increase the electron-phonon coupling at high pressure, yieldingcomputed Tc's in agreement with the experimental measurements over the fullpressure range from 150 to 300 GPa. We expect the proposed Tc enhancementmechanism to occur on a general basis in simple high-symmetry metals forvarious types of defects.

A possible explanation for the high superconducting Tc in bcc Ti at high pressure