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Although there is no complete theory of high temperature superconductivity,the importance of CuO$_2$ planes in cuprate superconductors is confirmed fromboth theory and experiments. Strong Coulomb repulsion between electrons on theCuO$_2$ plane makes the resultant electron system highly correlated and adifficult problem to solve since exact solutions of many-body Hamiltonian intwo dimensions do not exist. If however, superconductivity can arise instructures having chains rather than planes and having a high criticaltemperature, then the high temperature superconductivity problem could becomemore tractable since exact solutions in one dimension do exist. In this paper,we report the observation of bulk superconductivity in single crystals of acuprate Sr$_x$Ca$_{1-x}$CuO$_2$ at very high critical temperature, T$_c$, of$\sim$ 90 K whose structure reveals the presence of infinite double chains ofCu-O-Cu-O instead of CuO$_2$ planes, thus, ensuring quasi-one dimensionalsuperconductivity. Bulk superconducting behaviour was observed in \textit{dc}magnetisation, \textit{ac} susceptibility as well as resistance measurements.The observation of bulk superconductivity in Sr$_x$Ca$_{1-x}$CuO$_2$ havingchains of Cu-O-Cu-O rather than planes of CuO$_2$ at a high T$_c$ of 90 K isexpected to profoundly impact our understanding of high temperaturesuperconductivity.

Superconductivity in single crystals of a quasi-one dimensional infinite chain cuprate Sr$_x$Ca$_{1-x}$CuO$_2$ at 90 K