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Electron charge qubits are compelling candidates for solid-state quantumcomputing because of their inherent simplicity in qubit design, fabrication,control, and readout. However, all existing electron charge qubits, built uponconventional semiconductors and superconductors, suffer from severe chargenoise that limits the coherence time to the order of 1 microsecond. Here, wereport our experimental realization of ultralong-coherence electron chargequbits, based upon isolated single electrons trapped on an ultraclean solidneon surface in vacuum. Quantum information is encoded in the motional statesof an electron that is strongly coupled with microwave photons in an on-chipsuperconducting resonator. The measured relaxation time $T_1$ and coherencetime $T_2$ are both on the order of 0.1 milliseconds. The single-shot readoutfidelity without using a quantum-limited amplifier is 98.1%. The averagesingle-qubit gate fidelity using Clifford-based randomized benchmarking is99.97%. Simultaneous strong coupling of two qubits with the same resonator isdemonstrated, as a first step toward two-qubit entangling gates for universalquantum computing. These results manifest that the electron-on-solid-neon (eNe)charge qubits outperform all existing charge qubits to date and rivalstate-of-the-art superconducting transmon qubits, offering an appealingplatform for quantum computing.

Electron charge qubits with 0.1 millisecond coherence time