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Wireless sensor nodes spend most of their time in standby mode and wake upperiodically to send the measurement data. Conventionally, the wake-up functionis realized using a radio-frequency oscillator with an amplifier to recognizean activating radio signal. Therefore, even during standby operation, thesensor node utilizes a certain amount of energy, which can be critical for anenergy-harvesting source. In this study, we propose a novel approach of anoptical wake-up for autonomous sensor nodes, which employs a solar cell as awake-up signal detector. The bright light flash coming from another node or asmartphone exposes a solar cell, which activates the sensor node. Unlikephotodiodes or RF-antennas, solar cells do not require any additional energy todetect the light signal. Therefore, the proposed electric circuit allows thesensor node to wake-up from a complete power-off state. The solar cell of thenovel wake-up receiver has a sensitive area of 8 mm x 10 mm. The wake-up signalcan be recognized from a maximal distance of 25 cm at ambient illumination from0 to 1600 lx with a transmitter optical power of 20 mW. At power-off state thepower consumptions are the lowest among all existing off-the-shelf wake-upreceivers: 248 pW at 0 lx and 627 nW at 1600 lx.

Optical Wake-up from Power-off State for Autonomous Optical Sensor Nodes