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A key question in modern neuroscience is how cognitive changes in a humanbrain can be quantified and captured by functional connectomes (FC) . Asystematic approach to measure pairwise functional distance at different brainstates is lacking. This would provide a straight-forward way to quantifydifferences in cognitive processing across tasks; also, it would help inrelating these differences in task-based FCs to the underlying structuralnetwork. Here we propose a framework, based on the concept of Jensen-Shannondivergence, to map the task-rest connectivity distance between tasks andresting-state FC. We show how this information theoretical measure allows forquantifying connectivity changes in distributed and centralized processing infunctional networks. We study resting-state and seven tasks from the HumanConnectome Project dataset to obtain the most distant links across tasks. Weinvestigate how these changes are associated to different functional brainnetworks, and use the proposed measure to infer changes in the informationprocessing regimes. Furthermore, we show how the FC distance from resting stateis shaped by structural connectivity, and to what extent this relationshipdepends on the task. This framework provides a well grounded mathematicalquantification of connectivity changes associated to cognitive processing inlarge-scale brain networks.

Centralized and distributed cognitive task processing in the human connectome