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The aim of the thesis is the study of properties of solar flares viareconstruction of energy distributions of accelerated/heated electrons,diagnostics of flare plasma based on EUV and X-ray observations, as well as theestimation of the thermal balance within the "standard" flare model. The X-raydata were obtained from the Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager(RHESSI) and the Russian solar observatory KORONAS-F (IRIS experiment). The EUVdata were obtained from the Solar Dynamics Observatory / Atmospheric ImagingAssembly (SDO/AIA). In the first chapter a new technique is presented, whichallowed to determine at first the photon spectra based on the KORONAS-F/IRISobservations and then to reconstruct the energy spectra of the emittingelectrons using the random search method and the Tikhonov regularizationmethod. In the second chapter the developed technique of simultaneously fittingthe model differential emission measure functions (DEM) to RHESSI and SDO/AIAdata is introduced, which allowed to infer the electron distribution from X-rayand EUV observations. The proposed method allows to reconstruct of both thespectra of accelerated/heated electrons and the basic parameters of the flareplasma, such as temperature, emission measure, total electron number density,and flare energy. In addition, the analytical function suitable for both DEManalysis and mean electron flux spectra in flares has been developed andapplied, as well as kappa-distribution in the form of differential emissionmeasure. The thermal balance and hard X-ray emission of coronal loops fromdifferent flare regions within the "standard" flare model is considered in thethird chapter. This thesis is based on the next papers: Motorina et al., TePh,2012, Motorina & Kontar, Ge&Ae, 2015, Battaglia et al., ApJ, 2015, Motorina etal., TePh, 2016, Tsap et al., Ge&Ae, 2016.

Dynamics of plasma heating and energy distributions of accelerated electrons during solar flares based on X-ray and ultraviolet emission