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Voltage Controlled Oscillator is one of the most imperative blocks in the present communication system. It finds application in both wired as well as wireless communication as clock generator, frequency synthesizer and system synchronizer. The desirable characteristics of a VCO are high frequency, low phase noise, low power, low voltage and enhanced range of tuning. A three stage CMOS voltage controlled ring oscillator based on differential architecture and a LC tank voltage-controlled ring oscillator based on cross coupled architecture hasbeen designed by using 32nm and 90 nm technology respectively . The former VCO has a tuning range spanning from 733.718 MHz to 2.065 GHz with a phase noise of -79.4dBc/Hz while the latter possess better phase noise of -89.7dBc/Hz at the cost of reduced tuning range spanning from 4.5GHZ to 4.9GHZ only which is comparatively lesser than its counterpart.

Design of Low Phase Noise and Wide Tuning Range Voltage Controlled Oscillator for Modern Communication System