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There is potential growing interest in the context of exploring the medicinal effect of Artemisia spp in relation to parasitic diseases in many parties of the world. In this study, however, use of Artemisia herba alba as anti-parasitic source is exclusively new contribution to the currently available data base. The present work of the experimental nature was conducted to evaluate the antitrypanosomal efficacy of crude ethanolic extracts (CEE) of the aerial parts of Artemisia herba alba against Trypanosoma evansi infection in animal model. A total of thirty rabbits (n=30) of approximately 5 - 6 months old, weighing 1.5 - 2.5 kg were divided into six main groups of five animals each. Animals in Group1 (pre-infection) were treated intraperitoneally (I.P) with 100 mg kg -1 of CEE from two days before T. evansi infection until 4 days after infection. Group 2 (concurrent) was infected and concurrently treated with 100 mg kg -1 of CEE for 6 days. Group 3 (post-infection) was treated with 100 mg kg -1 of CEE 6 days after detection of parasitaemia. Group 4 (positive control) was treated intramuscular (I.M) with 3.5 mg kg -1 Berenil® (Diminazene aceturate) after establishment of parasitaemia following T. evansi infection. Group 5 (negative control) was infected with T. evansi only once with 1 ml of 5×10 5 of T. evansi while group 6 serves as reference group and treated intraperitoneally with Alsever's solution. The results indicated significant difference (p<0.05) in the context of reduction in the extent of clinical signs, low levels of parasitaemia and mortality pattern in animals received crude ethanolic extracts (CEE) of Artemisia herba alba compared to those served as negative group. Similarly, there was also haematologically significant difference (p<0.05) where low mean levels of PCV was observed in the groups 1-4 respectively. In contrast, there was no statistically significant difference in almost all investigated parameters between standard group (positive control) and treatment group. In conclusion, both CEE of A. herba-alba and Berenil® showed relatively aparasitaemia and normal heamatologic values in the infected rabbits, thereby confirming their antiparasitic properties.

Antitrypanosomal Effects of Crude Ethanolic Extract of Artemisia herba alba Follwing Experimental infection of Rabbits