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Division of Forest Biotechnology, Korea Forest Research Institute, Suwon 441-847, Korea.ABSTRACTS : Gastrodia elata Blume is a achlorophyllous orchid plant that has been used in traditional medicine to treatmany human illnesses, such as vertigo, hemiplegia, and epilepsy. It contains three major pharmacological substances; gas-trodin, ergothioneine, and vanillyl alcohol. Here we investigated the quantitative changes in those functional components bycultivation conditions and harvest times. The content of ergothioneine was different with cultivation areas, while gastrodinaccumulated the higher levels than vanillyl alcohol regardless of cultivation areas. The smaller tubers contained the higherconcentrations of gastrodin and the lower concentrations of ergothioneine than did the larger tubers. The cultivation undersun shade screen increased the concentrations of both gastrodin and vanillyl alcohol but decreased the levels of ergothion-eine. We also determined the contents of functional substances depending on the harvest times. The concentration of gastro-din was higher in October than in April, while the level of ergothioneine was higher in April than in October. Interestingly,the use of sexually propagated seed tubers produced 1.9 times higher levels of gastrodin compared to vegetatively propa-gated seed tubers. In this study, we found that three major functional substances in G. elata tubers altered depending on var-ious cultivation practices, which might be important to increase the economic values of G. elata tubers.Key Words : Gastrodia elata Blume, Gastrodin, Vanillyl Alcohol, Ergothioneine, Seed Tuber

Change of Major Functional Components of Gastrodia elata Blume with Cultivation Conditions and Harvest Times