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The phytochemical investigation of Abutilon pannosum (Malvaceae) collected from arable land of Tennidah village, Dakhla Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt, resulted in the separation and identification of a new flavonoid, kaempferol 4'-O-(6”-O-E-p-coumaroyl)-β-Dglucopyranoside 1 from butanol fraction, in addition to the identification of the volatile constituents of petroleum ether and methylene chloride by GC/MS analysis. Structure of the separated compound was elucidated by spectral analysis. Additionally, the antimicrobial, antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity of different fractions of Abutilon pannosum and compound 1 were evaluated. The antimicrobial activity indexes of methanol extract (Ap C), compound 1, methylene chloride extract (Ap B) and petroleum ether extract (Ap A) against Escherichia coli were found to be 66.7%, 50.0%, 33.3%, and 0.0%, respectively. While the activity indexes of compound 1, (Ap B), (Ap C), (Ap A) against staphylococcus aureus were 68.2%, 63.6%, 59.1% and 9.1%, respectively, and against Candida albicans, their activity indexes were 38.8%, 38.5%, 34.6%, and 11.5%, respectively. The radical scavenging activity of the extracts and standard were found to be in the following order: ascorbic acid (88.6%) ˃ (Ap C) (84.4%) ˃ compound 1 (76.8%) ˃ (Ap B) (59.2%) ˃ (Ap A) (6.3%). The IC50 values against HePG2 indicated that the cytotoxicity of extracts decreased in the order: compound 1 was "very strong", (Ap C) was "strong", (Ap B) was "moderate", and (Ap A) was "weak", while against PC3 of compound 1 was "strong", (Ap B and Ap C) were "moderate", and (Ap A) was weak, and against MCF-7 compound 1 and (Ap C) were "strong", (Ap B) was "moderate", and (Ap A) was "non-cytotoxic.

New Physiologically Active Kaempferol Glucoside from Abutilon pannosum