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. In this paper, a higher order beam theory is employed for local buckling analysis of beams of arbitrarily shaped, homogeneous cross-section, taking into account warping and distortional phenomena due to shear, flexure and torsion. The beam is subjected to arbitrary axial, transverse and/or torsional concentrated or distributed load, while its edges are restrained by the most general linear boundary conditions. The analysis consists of two stages. In the first stage, where the Boundary Element Method is employed, a cross sectional analysis is performed based on the so-called sequential equilibrium scheme establishing the possible in-plane (distortion) and out-of-plane (warping) deformation patterns of the cross section. In the second stage, where the Finite Element Method is employed, the extracted deformation patterns are included in the buckling analysis multiplied by respective independent parameters expressing their contribution to the beam deformation. The four rigid body displacements of the cross section together with the aforementioned independent parameters consist the degrees of freedom of the beam. The finite element equations are formulated with respect to the displacements and the independent warping and distortional parameters. The buckling load is calculated and compared with beam and 3d solid analysis results in order to validate the method and demonstrate its efficiency and accuracy.

HIGHER ORDER BEAM ELEMENT FOR THE LOCAL BUCKLING ANALYSIS OF BEAMS