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Objectives : The purpose of this study is correct the scientific name of Aquilariae Lignum in Korean Herbal Pharmacoepia.Methods : The production areas of Aquilariae Lignum and its trading statu s with China in Chinese history, Sanscrit-Chinese Translation Sutra, Naming year and the discove red district in main Aquilaria spp., Several nation`s Pharmacoepia, The Plant List(TPL), Convention on Inter national Trade in Endangered Species of Wild fauna and flora(CITES) and The International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN) were cross-checked.Results : The records in the Jiaozhouyiwuzhi written in the early 2nd cen tury said that Aquilariae Lignum was produced in Vietnam. NanfangCaomuZhuang written in 304 said tha t Agarwood in Vietnam had white flowers. Vietnam had led production and trading of Aquilariae Lignum unt il Qing Dynasty. Aquilariae Lignum from Malaysia and Indonesia was not traded with China. In Sanscrit-Chinese Translation Sutra, India Aquilariae Lignum was translated as Vietnam Aquilariae Lignum. Aquilaria malaccensis was discovered from Malay-Peninsular in 1783, and has green or dirty yellow flowers. A. agallocha from North-Eastern India in 1814, white flowers. A. crasssna from Vietnam in 1914, white flowers. A. crassna is different from A. malaccensis in several ways, such as flower, fruit, seed and disribution. In several Nation` s Pharmacoepia, A. crassna was a synonym of A. agallocha. But in TPL, CITES and IUCN, A. malaccensis was an accepted name, and A. agallocha was a synonym of A. malaccensis.Conclusions : These results show that the original species of Aquilariae Lign um in Korea Herbal Pharmacoepia should be reversed from A. agallocha to A. crassna Pierre ex Lacomte.Key words : Aquilaria agallocha, Aquilaria malaccensis, Aquilaria crassna, Aquilariae Lignum, accepted name, synonym.

The Scientific Name of Aquilariae Lignum based on distribution of Aquilaria spp.