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A modern library consumes a large number of items in its day-to-day operations, i.e., loan slips, interlibrary loan forms, photocopying paper of d~ferent kinds and sizes, standard stationery items order forms, etc. Very often anumber of items are procured from a single supplier. For example, our l?cal public ~i­ brary purchases photocopymg paper m two sizes from one supplier. The demand for the photocopying paper in the two sizes is fairly constant over time. Th.e problem facing the library management ts how to procure photocopying paper in the most economical manner. · Items that are purchased exclusively from a single supplier can be ordered in two simple ways: (1) each item is ordered on its own, and (2) items are ordered jointly. Whenever a purchase order is initiated, a fixed cost of placing an order is incurred. This fixed cost primarily consists of administrative costs of preparing a purchase order. Some additional cost may be incurred depending on the particular item(s). Therefore, in the first instance, where each item is ordered on its own, every time an item is ordered the fixed cost of placing the purchase order and the variable cost of ordering that particular item must be incurred. On the other hand, in the second instance, where items are ordered jointly, the cost of placing the order consists of the fixed cost of placing the order plus the total of individual ordering cost of the items included in the purchase order. Therefore, as a result of ordering items jointly, considerable saving in the total ordering cost can be achieved. In the operations research/management scienc.e literature, a considerable number of publications exist that deal with the problem of determining an economical ordering policy (see Shu, Goyal/' Silver, and Kaspi and Rosenblate.) For the consumable items having a fairly constant rate of demand the Economic Order Quantity Model (EOQ model) is considered to be most appropriate for application in the context of a library inventory of consumable items. Let

Economic Joint Ordering of Consumable Items for a University Library (Research Note)