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The presented study is a part of a complex study focused onmonitoring the origin and development of paediatric care inMoravia, one of the countries of the former Austrian monarchy.The work also takes into account the social conditions, aschanges in the Moravian healthcare sector occurred in theperiod under review in connection with the Theresian andJosephine reforms. Neonatal mortality was very high at thetime, including, among other things, the lack of care formothers-to-be. The study observes the state of health and thecauses of paediatric mortality from the 13th to the 19thcenturies, on the basis of the study of available literarysources within the context of palaeopathological analyses ofchildren's skeletal remains. The analysis of adult skeletons ofthe study population provides evidence of high female mortalitybetween 20-30 years of age. The attention was focused oncongenital malformations, metabolic and hematogenic diseases.From congenital malformations, palaeopathological analysisconfirmed the developmental dysplasia of the hip and thepremature obliteration of cranial sutures in the examined childpopulation. From the haematologic and metabolic diseases, themanifestations of anemia in the form of cribra orbitalia, signsof scurvy and rickets were most frequently reported. Thesediseases were reported mainly in children in foundling homesand orphanages. According to literary sources, their numbersgrew significantly in connection with famine-related warincidents. Therefore, the results of the study provide directevidence of the occurrence of observed childhood illnesses inMoravia during the period of modern times.

anthropologia integra

Childcare and Development of Paediatrics in Moravia (Czech Republic) in the Context of Palaeopathological Research Focusing on Congenital Malformations, Metabolic and Haematologic Diseases