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The effects of benzethonium chloride; benzalconium chloride; and chlorhexidine gluconate on inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were investigated. A quantitative bioassay system with a HTLV-I-carrying human T cell line, MT-4 was used in this study. The chemical disinfectants were diluted with PBS and tested in final concentrations of 1.0%, O.1%, 0.01%, 0.001% in the presence or absence of 10% fetal calf serum (FCS).The following results are obtained.1. At 0.1% concentration the three compounds were effective in inactivation of HIVeven in the presence 10% FCS.2. At 0.01% concentration benzethonium chloride, chlorhexidine gluconate were also effective. However, in the presence of 10% FCS at this concentration these compounds were not effective. Benzalconium chloride was not effctive at this concentration.3. These compounds showed cytotoxicity on MT-4 at more than 1. 0% concentration.These results indicate that benzethonium chloride, benzalconium chloride, and chlorhexidine gluconate are effective for inactivation of HIV infectivity above the concentration of 0.1%. Therefore, it would be useful for the control of HIV transmission to wash dental instruments with these compounds right after each dental treatment.

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Quantitative evaluation of inactivation of HIV by several chemical disinfectants. Part 1. Effect of HIV inactivation by benzethonium chloride, benzalconium chloride and chlorhexidine gluconate.