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Annual emissions of CO2 from biomass burning in shifting cultivation systems in Brazil were estimated as the product of area burned, aboveground biomass, combustion completeness and emission factor. The total area of shifting cultivation was derived from the Global Land Cover 2000 map for South America, while the area cleared and burnt annually was obtained by multiplying the total area by the rotation cycle of shifting cultivation, calculated using cropping and fallow lengths reported in the literature. Aboveground biomass accumulation was estimated as a function of the duration and mean temperature of the growing season, soil texture type and length of the fallow period. Published combustion completeness and emission factor values were used. Two scenarios were set using minimum and maximum fallow lengths and emissions calculated. Results revealed that a reduction of emissions in shifting cultivation systems is not easily achieved by extending the length of the fallow period. Results also showed a good agreement between the spatial distribution of shifting cultivation in Brazil, obtained with remote sensing, and the location of studies describing fallow and cropping periods practiced in shifting cultivation systems. Abstract As emissoes anuais de CO2 provenientes da queima de biomassa em sistemas de agricultura de corte e queima no Brasil foram estimadas como o produto da area queimada, da biomassa acima do solo, do fator de combustao e do fator de emissao. A area total afetada por este tipo de agricultura foi obtida a partir do mapa Global Land Cover 2000 da America do Sul, enquanto a area cortada e queimada anualmente foi obtida multiplicando a area total pelo ciclo de rotacao, calculado a partir de dados sobre a duracao dos periodos de cultivo e de pousio reportados na literatura. A acumulacao de biomassa acima do solo foi estimada em funcao da duracao e da temperatura media do periodo de crescimento, do tipo de textura do solo e da duracao do periodo de pousio. Foram utilizados valores publicados dos fatores de combustao e de emissao. Foram estabelecidos dois cenarios usando valores minimos e maximos da duracao do periodo de pousio e calculadas as emissoes. Os resultados revelaram que uma reducao das emissoes atmosfericas em sistemas de agricultura de corte e queima nao e facilmente alcancada atraves do aumento do periodo de pousio. Os resultados tambem mostraram uma boa concordância entre a distribuicao espacial da agricultura de corte e queima no Brasil, obtida atraves de sensoriamento remoto, e a localizacao dos estudos que descrevem este tipo de agricultura.

ambiência

Integration of remotely sensed and ancillary data to assess the impacts of shifting cultivation / Integração de dados de detecção remota com dados complementares para a avaliação dos impates da agricultura de corte e queima