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Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito da nutricao mineral foliar sobre a incidencia e severidade de oidio e ferrugem da soja, bem com a sua influencia nos componentes de rendimento e a desfolha da cultura. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com cinco repeticoes e quatro tratamentos: 1- testemunha; 2- adubacao foliar aos 30 e 60 dias, apos a emergencia (DAE); 3- fungicida aos 60 DAE; 4- adubacao foliar aos 30 DAE e fungicida + nutrientes aos 60 DAE. Realizaram-se as seguintes avaliacoes: incidencia e severidade de oidio e ferrugem da soja, produtividade, numero de sementes por vagem, numero de vagens por planta, peso de 100 sementes e porcentagem de desfolha. A aplicacao foliar de nutrientes isoladamente nao influenciou na incidencia e severidade de oidio, contudo, incrementou a produtividade de graos. Quando os nutrientes foram aplicados com fungicida, houve reducao tanto na incidencia como na severidade das doencas em relacao a aplicacao de fungicida isoladamente. A adubacao foliar proporcionou reducao da desfolha e aumento do numero de vagens por planta, sendo este ultimo o maior responsavel pelo aumento da produtividade. Pode-se concluir que a adubacao foliar potencializou o efeito do fungicida, reduzindo a intensidade das doencas e aumentando a produtividade da cultura.  Abstract Fungicide application is the main form of soybean crop disease control. However, other measures should be adopted as part of control strategy, such as for example, resistance induction by means of plant mineral nutrition. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate foliar mineral nutrition effects on incidence and severity of soybean oidium and rust, as well as its influence over yield compounds and culture defoliation. Experimental delineation was in randomized blocks design with five replications and four treatments: 1- witness; 2- foliar fertilization at 30 and 60 days after emergence (DAE); 3- fungicide at 60 DAE; 4- fertilization at 30 DAE and fungicide + nutrients at 60 DAE. Following evaluations were made: soybean oidium and rust incidence and severity, yield, number of seed per pod, number of pod per plant, weight of 100 seeds and defoliation percentage. Isolate foliar nutrient application did not influence oidium incidence and severity in the two evaluation periods, however, it has increased grain productivity. When nutrients were applied with fungicide, there was reduction as much in incidence as in the severity of the diseases in relation to the isolate application of fungicide. Foliar fertilization has proportioned defoliation reduction and increased in number of pod per plant, being this last one the most responsible for increasing productivity. It is possible to conclude that foliar fertilization potentiated fungicide effect, reducing disease intensity and enhancing yield culture.

ambiência

Influência da nutrição mineral foliar nas doenças da parte aérea e no rendimento da cultura da soja / Foliar nutrition influence over soybean aerial part diseases and yield crop