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A set of AASHTO Layer Coefficients has been derived for the ten (10) bituminous mixtures currently specified by the Indiana Department of Highways (IDOH). This project was initiated by IDOH in response to a perceived need to optimize material usage through the design process. Layer Coefficients previously derived by other Agencies were found to be inadequate for a variety of reasons. Indeed, Layer Coefficients as derived at the AASHO Road Test were shown to be flawed in concept. Recognizing that bituminous materials are very sensitive to temperature and time of loading, a probabilistic approach was used to explicitly account for the range and variety of environmental and traffic conditions encountered in Indiana. Equally, in place bituminous mixtures represent sample values of specification envelopes, or tolerances: the probable range of mixture parameters was used in the analysis to derive Layer Coefficient Distributions rather than unique, deterministic values. Two powerful methods were used in the analysis: the van der Poel/Ullidtz/Bonnaure method of predicting bituminous material stiffness, S(sub)b, and the Rosenblueth Point Estimate Method for dealing with variable distributions rather than mean, or expected, values. It is believed that the resulting Layer Coefficients are more realistic and represent the true range of behavior observed in practice (A).

Layer Coefficients in Terms of Performance and Mixture Characteristics