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Mangroves are considered one of the most vulnerable coastal environments to oil impacts. This work assesses and correlates current levels of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons to the oil industry activities in the northern area of Todos os Santos Bay (E Brazil). Contamination levels were investigated by determining aliphatic and hydrocarbon concentrations and a comparison was made with the sediment from a reference site, located outside of the bay. The highest contents of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) were found in the harbors. The higher concentrations corresponding to the stations situated in the centre and in the north region of the study area. Total aliphatic hydrocarbons content in unpolluted intertidal and estuarine sediments are normally lower than the 10 µg.g-1. However, values higher than this such as those recorded at stations are indicative of petroleum inputs. The occurrence of expressives unresolved complex mixtures is related to the presence of degraded oil and to the degree of anthropogenic contribution. In most of the stations the unresolved complex mixtures represented 50 to 70% of the total aliphatic hydrocarbons, which indicates a high degree of anthropogenic contribution and the presence of petroleum degraded residues. The ratio of the resolved aliphatic/unresolved complex mixture index showed low values demonstrating mainly the occurrence of degraded oil. However, the TPH concentrations were comparable with those of slightly contaminated zones. As a result, high levels of sewage-derived petroleum hydrocarbons were dominant in the area rather than direct input from boating activities or urban run-off.

IMPACTO AMBIENTAL DA INDÚSTRIA PETROLÍFERA EM MANGUEZAIS DA REGIÃO NORTE DA BAÍA DE TODOS OS SANTOS (BAHIA, BRASIL)