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Two researchers, Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna, have received the 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for “the development of a genetic editing method”, as proclaimed by the brief but sufficient justification provided by the Swedish Academy of Sciences, responsible for the selection and election of the winners in this category. The word CRISPR (acronym for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats), described by the Spanish microbiologist at the University of Alicante, Francisco Juan Martínez Mojica, does not appear in the highlighted phrase of the award but, immediately, the whole world knew that this Nobel Prize in Chemistry was won by the “CRISPR”, the famous gene editing tools, initially described by Mojica as elements of a complex and effective defense system in prokaryotes. And, thanks to the talent and vision of these two researchers, CRISPR were proposed to be used, out of context, for editing any gene of any living organism. In this review I will point out the key points that allowed Charpentier and Doudna to deserve this award and of course I will underline the role that many other researchers have played, including that of Mojica himself.

NOBEL PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY 2020: A PRIZE THAT AROSE IN SPAIN AND PASSED BY