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Objective: To access the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in addition to pharmacotherapy versus pharmacotherapy alone in the treatment of major depressive disorder  Methodology: A case-control study was conducted at different psychiatric clinics in Pakistan between April 2019 to October 2020. All participants with depression were divided into two groups; Group A patients were treated in compliance with the current treatment guidelines for antidepressant pharmacotherapy whereas patients in Group B were managed with CBT which included 15 individual 45 minutes sessions in addition to pharmacotherapy. The efficiency of the treatment was assessed on PHQ-9, with treatment being considered successful in patients with a significantly improved score.  Results: 53.80% participants of Group A and 37.50% participants of Group B with moderate depression suffered a depressive episode within the last 12 months whereas 46.20% participants of Group A and 62.50% participants of Group B with moderate depression suffered a depressive episode the last 12 months. However, 49.50% participants of Group A and 83.30% participants of Group B with moderately severe depression suffered a depressive episode within the last 12 months whereas 50.50% participants of Group A and 16.70% participants of Group B with Moderately severe depression suffered a depressive episode the last 12 months.  Escitalopram was the most common prescribed antidepressant (44.8%).  Conclusion: It was found that CBT in addition to Pharmacotherapy was more effective in moderate depression whereas Pharmacotherapy alone was much more effective in Moderately Severe depression.  Keywords: cognitive behavioral therapy, major depressive disorder, pharmacotherapy, CBT, PHQ-9

pakistan journal of medical and health sciences

The Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Addition to Pharmacotherapy Versus Pharmacotherapy Alone in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder in the Pakistani Population