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In order to examine the relation between bowel movements and constipational tendency broken down by age, sex and regional group, a survey was conducted on 242 college women (18-x-20 years of age) and their parents (63 mothers and 52 fathers) living in and around Osaka, 172 college women in Fukuoka (18-~20 years of age) and 142 in Taegu, Korea (16-x-22 years of age). Those who had bowel movements less than three times a week were classified as suffering from constipation. Chi square test was used for cross totalization of surveyed items. (1) Difference by age and sex. 1) Sixteen percent of students, 19% of their mothers and 4% of fathers complained of constipation. The difference in the frequency of bowel movements among the three groups was significant (p<0.001). 2) Frequency of hard stools increased with the degree of constipation in students (p<0.001) and mothers (p<0.001), while no differences were found in the nature of stools among the three groups (p<0. 10). 3) A correlation was noted in fathers between the time required for a bowel movement and its frequency (p<0.005). The time required for a bowel movement tended to be longer in the order of students, mothers and, then fathers (p<0.001) . 4) A correlation was found between the time of defecation and the degree of constipation (in students : p<0.001, mothers : p<0.001, fathers : p<0.005) . Eighty-one percent or more of those with regular movement had a bowel movement between the time they rose and after breakfast, while persons with constipation had no definite time of defecation. The time of defecation among the three groups was also different (p<0.001) . (2) Differences by location of domicile. 1) Of the students in Osaka, Fukuoka and Taegu, 16%, 31% and 61% respectively were suffering from constipation. The difference in the frequency of bowel movements among the three groups was significant (p<0.001) . 2) Frequency of hard stools increased with the degree of constipation in Osaka (p<0.001) and Fukuoka (p<0.005), but no differences were found in the nature of stools among the three regions (p<0.05) .

Comparison of bowel habits by age, sex and location of domicile.