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An early test of inoculation of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis is performed on plants aged 3 months from crosses of oil palm (Prenursery stage). At the end of the test (5 months after inoculation) each crossing is credited with a wilt disease tolerance index. Thus, crosses with an index below 100 are the most tolerant to wilt. The behavior of these crosses was then confirmed in adult age, in replanting on old areas infected by wilt disease by an epidemiologic control. The observations have shown that the oldest crops have suffered on average 20 to 30 % of wilt disease, which decreased steadily over successive programs of selection of crosses in prenursery, despite the replanting conditions which confronted the plant material to a high risk of wilt disease. The epidemiological controls of wilt disease of oil palm in replanting has shown that it could be a disease of young age in replanting if the first generation of oil palm expressed a high level of wilt disease. The performance of tolerant crosses selected in prenursery and members of the same progeny is observed in five blocks of first generation plantations which were cut down because they were partly decimated by wilt disease. The observations have shown that wilt disease of oil palm has been significantly reduced in replanted fields thanks to the combination effect of genetic selection in prenursery and cultural practices regardless of the incidence of wilt disease during the first generation of oil palm plantations, thus confirming tolerance of crosses tested in young age.

Evaluation of the performance of tolerant crosses of oil palm selected in prenursery and replanted on wilt disease areas